Replacing direct input interfaces with LLM chatbots is not unlike “upgrading” from a modern videogame (be that Call of Duty, Disco Elysium or Dwarf Fortress) to a retro text-based adventure. And if you have a direct input interface, why do we need an extra expensive layer of non-determinism?
UI’s also reduce human comprehension times. Give me a well-crafted UI and I can quickly scan it and comprehend the logic. Reading a long blob of text is less efficient and probably more error-prone. I like this approach.
I think text interface sucks, but at the same time I like how Claude code solve that with questionnaires, I think that’s the most elegant solution to get a lot of valuable context from users in a fast way
You can still have “chat interface” but if you use it for specialized applications you can do better than that.
If I can do some actions with a press of a button that runs code or even some LLM interaction without me having to type that’s so much better.
Feedback interface with plain text is awful, would be much better if there is anything that I have to repeat or fix on my end standing out - or any problem that LLM is looping over quickly discoverable.
With a full screen browser on a 14 inch laptop, the content takes up less than half the width of the browser window. The screenshots are slightly narrower. As a result I can barely make out the text in the dialogue box screenshots. Is it really that hard to format content well?
Anyway, interesting tool and nice that it is implemented in Rust. Where is the prompt that tells the agent when to call the popup tool?
I get that you want to save the world by reducing processing, and I agree that using an LLM to develop deterministic and efficient code is just a better idea overall, but “stop using natural language interfaces” is overly restrictive.
Interactive fiction / text-adventures written in the 20th century used a deterministic natural language interface with low load as an intentional flexible puzzle to solve, so the problem today is efficiency.
You could just as well argue to stop using modern bloated operating systems, websites, and apps. I understand that the processing required for LLMs can be much higher. But the side-effect of additional power needs will be a global push for more energy, which will result in more power stations being available for future industries once LLMs become more efficient.
If you want to reduce complexity overall and have simple, flexible interfaces and applications that use fewer of the worlds resources, I’m all for it. But don’t single out LLMs assuming they will always be less efficient. Cost will drive them to be more efficient over time.
>As a clear obvious example: interactive fiction / text-adventures use a deterministic natural language interface with low load as an intentional flexible puzzle to solve.
Even though games can technically do this, should they? Do consumers actually find it fun and engaging? Considering there has never been a AAA game of that genre I don't think there is true consumer demand for games with such an interface.
Pulling up games from decades ago instead of the last few years isn't a good benchmark either especially considering the technical limitations that existed at that time.
That's just their nature: they are very inexpensive to make. The original question was whether people find them fun and engaging. Clearly they did in the past. Though nowadays their standards have risen a lot. Even graphical adventure games (like Monkey Island) have long fallen out of favor due to a lack of action elements.
Are there any successful examples of LLM text adventures? Last time I heard someone here said it's hard to develop robust puzzles and interactions, because it's hard to control and predict what the LLM will do in a dialogue setting. E.g. the user can submit reasonable but unintended solutions to a puzzle, which breaks the game.
I think one of the issues I find with text based interfaces, which is not often discussed, is they are not good at expressing what they can and can't do.
Their very strength, of not being limited, is also a weakness - you only find the boundaries of what's possible by trial and error.
This isn't inherent, just a side effect of poorly designed text UI. Suggestions on the input, manual commands, or honest answers in response to the question "what can you do" all do as good a job as a GUI does, and sometimes a better job.
So many of the complaints I hear about TUIs just come down to bad design. Even one input and textual responses require thoughtful design.
That's design as in function, not color palette. Although... that too.
The term you're looking for is discoverability, and in my experience it's the most discussed concept when it comes to critiques of text based user interfaces.
Love this, this is what I have been envisioning as a LLM first OS! Feels like truly organic computing. Maybe Minority Report figured it out way back then.
The idea of having the elements anticipated and lowering the cognitive load of searching a giant drop down list scratches a good place in my brain. Instantly recognize it as such a better experience than what we have on the web.
I think something like this is the long term future for personal computing, maybe I'm way off, but this the type of computing I want to be doing, highly customized to my exact flow, highly malleable to improvement and feedback.
Veering offtopic a bit... Google lost its (search) way years ago. See the "The Man who Killed Google Search" [1], and the room they left for alternatives like DuckDuckGo.
At work, we have full access to Claude, and I find that I now use that instead of doing a search. Sure it's not 100% reliable, but neither is search anyhow, and at least I save time from sifting through a dozen crappy content farms.
The same, I suppose, as using Wikipedia to get an overview of a topic, a surface understanding, before following the citations to dig deeper and fully validate the summary.
Nah natural language interfaces are great. What shit is most implementations.
Natural language MUST be mixed with traditional UIs. Our world is filled with new software, new features, new concepts every day even for a regular person and certainly much more for developers than almost anyone else.
The thing I find most helpful with this sort of thing is "where the fuck is that settings" and "how do I get it to/I want to do x" navigating complex UX that is so feature filled that even the very best UX designers just can't hack it.
I feel like in many of these cases sure, let me use the regular UI. But also being able to ask "Hey, can I set my background to an image, where do I do that?" and being presented with the dedicated UI, or behind the scenes tool calls if no UI available.
Anecdotally: things I use ALL the time are, Help->Search on MacOS toolbar, cmd+shift+P menu in VSC, the search in Android settings, etc.
Unless I am wildly misreading this, this is actually worse that both GUIs and LLMs combined.
LLMs offer a level of flexibility and non-determinism that allow them to adapt to different situations.
GUIs offer precision and predictability - they are the same every time. Which means people can learn them and navigate them quickly. If you've ever seen a bank teller or rental car agent navigate a GUI or TUI they tab through and type so quickly because they have expert familliarity.
But this - with a non-determinstic user interface generated by AI, every time a user engages with a UI its different. So they a more rigid UI but also a non-deterministic set of options every time. Which means instead of memorising what is in every drop down and tabbing through quickly, they need to re-learn the interface every time.
I don't think you have to use this if it's not working in your case. I think the idea is to try to anticipate the next few turns of the conversation, so you can pick the tree you want to go down in a fast way. If the prediction is accurate, I could see that being effective.
It’s intended for conversations that are probably different every time too. It’s like a more expressive form of what Claude Code already does with the “AskUserQuestion” interface.
Human abstract language, particularly the English language, is a pretty low-fidelity way to represent reality and in countless instances it can fail to represent the system to any useful or actionable degree.
Interfaces are hard, abstraction is hard. Computer science has been working on making these concerns easier to reason about, and the industry has put a lot of time and effort into building heuristics (software / dev mgmt / etc frameworks) to make achieving an appropriate abstraction (qua ontology) feasible to implement without a philosophy degree. We, like biological systems, have settled on certain useful abstraction layers (OOP, microservice arch, TDD, etc.) that have broad appeal for balancing ease of use with productivity.
So it should be with any generative system, particularly any that are tasked with being productive toward tangible goals. Often the right interface with the problem domain is not natural language. Constraining the "information channels" (concepts/entities and the related semantics, in the language of ontology) to the best of your ability to align with the inherent degrees of freedom, disambiguated as best as possible into orthogonal dimensions (leaning too hard on the geometric analogy now). For generating code, that means interacting with tokens on ASTs, not 1D sequences of tokens. For comprehending 3D scenes, a crude text translation from an inherently 2D viewpoint will not have physics, even folk physics, much in mind except by what it can infer from the dataset. For storing, recalling, and reciting facts per se, the architecture shall not permit generating text from nonverifiable sources of information such as those vector clouds we find between the layers of any NN.
These considerations early in the project massively reduce the resource requirements for training at the expense of SME time and wages to build a system that constrains where there are constraints and learns where there are variables.
The latency argument is terrible. Of course frontier LLMs are slow and costly. But you don't need Claude to drive a natural language interface, and an LLM with less than 5B parameters (or even <1B) is going it be much faster than this.
Replacing direct input interfaces with LLM chatbots is not unlike “upgrading” from a modern videogame (be that Call of Duty, Disco Elysium or Dwarf Fortress) to a retro text-based adventure. And if you have a direct input interface, why do we need an extra expensive layer of non-determinism?
UI’s also reduce human comprehension times. Give me a well-crafted UI and I can quickly scan it and comprehend the logic. Reading a long blob of text is less efficient and probably more error-prone. I like this approach.
I think text interface sucks, but at the same time I like how Claude code solve that with questionnaires, I think that’s the most elegant solution to get a lot of valuable context from users in a fast way
You can still have “chat interface” but if you use it for specialized applications you can do better than that.
If I can do some actions with a press of a button that runs code or even some LLM interaction without me having to type that’s so much better.
Feedback interface with plain text is awful, would be much better if there is anything that I have to repeat or fix on my end standing out - or any problem that LLM is looping over quickly discoverable.
With a full screen browser on a 14 inch laptop, the content takes up less than half the width of the browser window. The screenshots are slightly narrower. As a result I can barely make out the text in the dialogue box screenshots. Is it really that hard to format content well?
Anyway, interesting tool and nice that it is implemented in Rust. Where is the prompt that tells the agent when to call the popup tool?
I get that you want to save the world by reducing processing, and I agree that using an LLM to develop deterministic and efficient code is just a better idea overall, but “stop using natural language interfaces” is overly restrictive.
Interactive fiction / text-adventures written in the 20th century used a deterministic natural language interface with low load as an intentional flexible puzzle to solve, so the problem today is efficiency.
You could just as well argue to stop using modern bloated operating systems, websites, and apps. I understand that the processing required for LLMs can be much higher. But the side-effect of additional power needs will be a global push for more energy, which will result in more power stations being available for future industries once LLMs become more efficient.
If you want to reduce complexity overall and have simple, flexible interfaces and applications that use fewer of the worlds resources, I’m all for it. But don’t single out LLMs assuming they will always be less efficient. Cost will drive them to be more efficient over time.
>As a clear obvious example: interactive fiction / text-adventures use a deterministic natural language interface with low load as an intentional flexible puzzle to solve.
Even though games can technically do this, should they? Do consumers actually find it fun and engaging? Considering there has never been a AAA game of that genre I don't think there is true consumer demand for games with such an interface.
> never been a AAA game
Infocom sold 450k copies of Zork I and 250k copies of The Hitchhiker's Guide among their many other titles.
Beam Software sold over 1M copies of The Hobbit.
Sierra On-Line sold ~400k copies of King’s Quest VI in a week.
Indeed.
"Thorin sits down and starts singing about gold" or "You are in a maze of twisty little passages, all alike"
became early memes as a result.
However those memes also come from player frustration of being stuck in repeated patterns. The same can also happen with chat interfaces to LLMs.
However I'm not sure whether that's a function of the chat interface or the nature of LLMs.
Those games did not have a high enough budget to be considered AAA.
And did the concept of "AAA" truly exist back then? Let alone "AAAA"? It's not really a good benchmark, imo.
Pulling up games from decades ago instead of the last few years isn't a good benchmark either especially considering the technical limitations that existed at that time.
That's just their nature: they are very inexpensive to make. The original question was whether people find them fun and engaging. Clearly they did in the past. Though nowadays their standards have risen a lot. Even graphical adventure games (like Monkey Island) have long fallen out of favor due to a lack of action elements.
"Cost will drive them to be more efficient over time."
Why are you certain of this? It's just a database. Does this hold for e.g. Postgres?
Are there any successful examples of LLM text adventures? Last time I heard someone here said it's hard to develop robust puzzles and interactions, because it's hard to control and predict what the LLM will do in a dialogue setting. E.g. the user can submit reasonable but unintended solutions to a puzzle, which breaks the game.
stop using natural language interfaces is just a hyperbole.
I think one of the issues I find with text based interfaces, which is not often discussed, is they are not good at expressing what they can and can't do.
Their very strength, of not being limited, is also a weakness - you only find the boundaries of what's possible by trial and error.
This isn't inherent, just a side effect of poorly designed text UI. Suggestions on the input, manual commands, or honest answers in response to the question "what can you do" all do as good a job as a GUI does, and sometimes a better job.
So many of the complaints I hear about TUIs just come down to bad design. Even one input and textual responses require thoughtful design.
That's design as in function, not color palette. Although... that too.
The term you're looking for is discoverability, and in my experience it's the most discussed concept when it comes to critiques of text based user interfaces.
Love this, this is what I have been envisioning as a LLM first OS! Feels like truly organic computing. Maybe Minority Report figured it out way back then.
The idea of having the elements anticipated and lowering the cognitive load of searching a giant drop down list scratches a good place in my brain. Instantly recognize it as such a better experience than what we have on the web.
I think something like this is the long term future for personal computing, maybe I'm way off, but this the type of computing I want to be doing, highly customized to my exact flow, highly malleable to improvement and feedback.
My boss used to say: "there is an easy way and there is the cool way".
We no longer have StackOverflow. We no longer have Google, effectively.
I used to be able to copy pasta code with incredible speed - now all of that is gone.
Chatbots is all we have. And they are not that bad at search, with no sponsored results to weed through. For now.
> We no longer have Google, effectively
Veering offtopic a bit... Google lost its (search) way years ago. See the "The Man who Killed Google Search" [1], and the room they left for alternatives like DuckDuckGo.
At work, we have full access to Claude, and I find that I now use that instead of doing a search. Sure it's not 100% reliable, but neither is search anyhow, and at least I save time from sifting through a dozen crappy content farms.
[1] https://www.wheresyoured.at/the-men-who-killed-google/
When you use a search engine, you can evalute the "trustness" of the source (webpage), this essentially disappears when using a chatbot
Only if you're dumb about it. Asking for source links is one thing I do all the time, and chatgpt gives citations by default.
What's the benefit of using a chatbot if you still have to go and read all of it's sources on your own?
The same, I suppose, as using Wikipedia to get an overview of a topic, a surface understanding, before following the citations to dig deeper and fully validate the summary.
> I used to be able to copy pasta code with incredible speed - now all of that is gone.
What do you mean by that?
Meaning I would get an answer from SO pretty quickly and it would most often work.
Conversational UI + MCP + deterministic widget GUI = ChatGPT apps. These will become more prevalent.
Of course not. Users love the chatbot. It's fast and easier to use than manually searching for answers or sticking together reports and graphs.
There is no latency, because the inference is done locally. On a server at the customer with a big GPU
> There is no latency
Every chat bot I was ever forced to use has built-in latency, together with animated … to simulate a real user typing. It’s the worst of all worlds.
> to simulate a real user typing
The models return a realtime stream of tokens.
This was already the case before LLMs became a thing. This is still the case for no-intelligence step by step bots.
Because they are all using some cloud service and external LLM for that. We not.
We sell our users a strong server, where he has all his data and all his services. The LLM is local, and trained by us.
The post suggests how to optimize the LLM text with UI elements that reduce the usage of pure/direct prompts.
And that’s perfectly fine.
Though the title in that sense is more of a click-bait.
Is this a bad bait or is it a bad post? I can't decide.
Let's go further. Why not have a well specified prompt programming language for LLMs then?
Nah natural language interfaces are great. What shit is most implementations.
Natural language MUST be mixed with traditional UIs. Our world is filled with new software, new features, new concepts every day even for a regular person and certainly much more for developers than almost anyone else.
The thing I find most helpful with this sort of thing is "where the fuck is that settings" and "how do I get it to/I want to do x" navigating complex UX that is so feature filled that even the very best UX designers just can't hack it.
I feel like in many of these cases sure, let me use the regular UI. But also being able to ask "Hey, can I set my background to an image, where do I do that?" and being presented with the dedicated UI, or behind the scenes tool calls if no UI available.
Anecdotally: things I use ALL the time are, Help->Search on MacOS toolbar, cmd+shift+P menu in VSC, the search in Android settings, etc.
Unless I am wildly misreading this, this is actually worse that both GUIs and LLMs combined.
LLMs offer a level of flexibility and non-determinism that allow them to adapt to different situations.
GUIs offer precision and predictability - they are the same every time. Which means people can learn them and navigate them quickly. If you've ever seen a bank teller or rental car agent navigate a GUI or TUI they tab through and type so quickly because they have expert familliarity.
But this - with a non-determinstic user interface generated by AI, every time a user engages with a UI its different. So they a more rigid UI but also a non-deterministic set of options every time. Which means instead of memorising what is in every drop down and tabbing through quickly, they need to re-learn the interface every time.
I don't think you have to use this if it's not working in your case. I think the idea is to try to anticipate the next few turns of the conversation, so you can pick the tree you want to go down in a fast way. If the prediction is accurate, I could see that being effective.
It’s intended for conversations that are probably different every time too. It’s like a more expressive form of what Claude Code already does with the “AskUserQuestion” interface.
> GUIs offer precision and predictability - they are the same every time.
Except after an update everything is in a different place.
Yep - I'm looking at you MS office ribbon. Just as I learnt where things are some update decides to move stuff around.
The people responsible for stuff like this should be put in stocks in public squares and pelted with tomatoes ;-)
This is something I agree with.Will be interesting to see if more and more people take this philosophy up.
> just because we suddenly can doesn't mean we always should
Author should take his own advice.
Human abstract language, particularly the English language, is a pretty low-fidelity way to represent reality and in countless instances it can fail to represent the system to any useful or actionable degree.
Interfaces are hard, abstraction is hard. Computer science has been working on making these concerns easier to reason about, and the industry has put a lot of time and effort into building heuristics (software / dev mgmt / etc frameworks) to make achieving an appropriate abstraction (qua ontology) feasible to implement without a philosophy degree. We, like biological systems, have settled on certain useful abstraction layers (OOP, microservice arch, TDD, etc.) that have broad appeal for balancing ease of use with productivity.
So it should be with any generative system, particularly any that are tasked with being productive toward tangible goals. Often the right interface with the problem domain is not natural language. Constraining the "information channels" (concepts/entities and the related semantics, in the language of ontology) to the best of your ability to align with the inherent degrees of freedom, disambiguated as best as possible into orthogonal dimensions (leaning too hard on the geometric analogy now). For generating code, that means interacting with tokens on ASTs, not 1D sequences of tokens. For comprehending 3D scenes, a crude text translation from an inherently 2D viewpoint will not have physics, even folk physics, much in mind except by what it can infer from the dataset. For storing, recalling, and reciting facts per se, the architecture shall not permit generating text from nonverifiable sources of information such as those vector clouds we find between the layers of any NN.
These considerations early in the project massively reduce the resource requirements for training at the expense of SME time and wages to build a system that constrains where there are constraints and learns where there are variables.
The latency argument is terrible. Of course frontier LLMs are slow and costly. But you don't need Claude to drive a natural language interface, and an LLM with less than 5B parameters (or even <1B) is going it be much faster than this.
And it's highly circumstancial, as LLM efficiency keeps improving as the tech matures.
Yeah … no. It’s really nice interface. It’s here to stay.